Introduction. 总叙
【弟子规 圣人训 首孝悌 次谨信。 泛爱众 而亲仁 有余力 则学文。】
《弟子规》这本书是学童们的生活规范,他是依据至圣先师孔子的教诲编成的。
首先,在日常生活中要做到孝敬父母,友爱兄弟姐妹,其次一切言行中,要谨慎,要讲信用;和大众交往时要平等仁和,要时常亲近有仁德的人,向他学习。以上这些事是学习的根本,非做不可。如果做了还有余遐,更应努力的学习礼、乐、射、御、书、术等六艺,各种经典,以及其他有益的学问。
Di Zi Gui (弟子规) in English, means standards for being a good student and child. It is the guide to a happy life. For thousand of years, this book contained the recommended standards for students. Even though they seem stringent by today’s standards, it is apparent that the people of that time felt it was important that the child should be well-disciplined and taught moral principles and virtues when still very young. They felt that without strict discipline and moral standards, a child would amount to nothing. Not knowing what it meant to be dutiful to parents and respectful to teachers, a child would grow up not listening to or respecting anyone. Ironically today, many parents listen to the child instead of the other way around. Additionally, teachers are afraid to teach and discipline children because they are fearful of violating the children’s legal rights and being sued by the parents. Currently, we live in a tumultuous world where the relationships among people, between people and their environment, parents and children, husbands and wives, and employers and employees are disintegrating. Parents do not act like parents. Children do not act like children. Our minds are polluted and our family system is disintegrating, as evidenced by an ever-increasing divorce rate. Soon the planet Earth will no longer be fit for us to live on. We are fearful for our futures and the futures of our children. In reintroducing this book, we hope it will serve as reference material and provide guidance for parents and children. Thus, future generations will benefit from it and society and our world will be at peace.
来源:
http://www.buddhismaustralia.org/dizi.htm
【弟子规 圣人训 首孝悌 次谨信。 泛爱众 而亲仁 有余力 则学文。】
《弟子规》这本书是学童们的生活规范,他是依据至圣先师孔子的教诲编成的。
首先,在日常生活中要做到孝敬父母,友爱兄弟姐妹,其次一切言行中,要谨慎,要讲信用;和大众交往时要平等仁和,要时常亲近有仁德的人,向他学习。以上这些事是学习的根本,非做不可。如果做了还有余遐,更应努力的学习礼、乐、射、御、书、术等六艺,各种经典,以及其他有益的学问。
Di Zi Gui (弟子规) in English, means standards for being a good student and child. It is the guide to a happy life. For thousand of years, this book contained the recommended standards for students. Even though they seem stringent by today’s standards, it is apparent that the people of that time felt it was important that the child should be well-disciplined and taught moral principles and virtues when still very young. They felt that without strict discipline and moral standards, a child would amount to nothing. Not knowing what it meant to be dutiful to parents and respectful to teachers, a child would grow up not listening to or respecting anyone. Ironically today, many parents listen to the child instead of the other way around. Additionally, teachers are afraid to teach and discipline children because they are fearful of violating the children’s legal rights and being sued by the parents. Currently, we live in a tumultuous world where the relationships among people, between people and their environment, parents and children, husbands and wives, and employers and employees are disintegrating. Parents do not act like parents. Children do not act like children. Our minds are polluted and our family system is disintegrating, as evidenced by an ever-increasing divorce rate. Soon the planet Earth will no longer be fit for us to live on. We are fearful for our futures and the futures of our children. In reintroducing this book, we hope it will serve as reference material and provide guidance for parents and children. Thus, future generations will benefit from it and society and our world will be at peace.
来源:
http://www.buddhismaustralia.org/dizi.htm
Chapter 1. 入则孝
At Home, Be Dutiful to My Parents
【父母呼 应勿缓 父母命 行勿懒。父母教 须敬听 父母责 须顺承。冬则温 夏则凊 晨则省 昏则定。 出必告 反必面 居有常 业无变。事虽小 勿擅为 茍擅为 子道亏。物虽小 勿私藏 茍私藏 亲心伤。】
父母呼 应勿缓 父母命 行勿懒
父母教 须敬听 父母责 须顺承
易解:父母呼唤,应及时回答,不要慢吞吞的很久才应答,父母有事交代,要立刻动身去做,不可拖延或推辞偷懒。父母教导我们做人处事的道理,是为了我们好,应该恭敬的聆听。做错了事,父母责备教诫时,应当虚心接受,不可强词夺理,使父母亲生气、伤心。
(君子闻过则喜,小人闻过则怒。)
[Translation]: When my parents call me, I will answer them right away. When they ask me to do something, I will do it quickly. When my parents instruct me, I will listen respectfully. When my parents reproach me, I will obey and accept their scolding. I will try hard to change and improve myself, to start anew.
冬则温 夏则凊 晨则省 昏则定
出必告 反必面 居有常 业无变
易解:侍奉父母要用心体贴,二十四孝的黄香(香九龄),为了让父亲安心睡眠,夏天睡前会帮父亲把床铺煽凉,冬天寒冷时会为父亲温暖被窝,实在值得我们学习。早晨起床之后,应该先探望父母,并向父母请安问好。下午回家之后,要将今天在外的情形告诉父母,向父母报平安,使老人家放心。外出离家时,须告诉父母要到那里去,回家后还要当面禀报父母回来了,让父母安心。平时起居作息(生活习惯),要保持正常有规律,做事有常规,不要任意改变,以免父母忧虑。
In the winter, I will keep my parents warm; in the summer, I will keep my parents cool. I will always greet my parents in the morning to show them that I care. At night I will always make sure my parents rest well. Before going out, I must tell my parents where I am going, for parents are always concerned about their children. After returning home, I must go and see my parents to let them know I am back, so they do not worry about me. I will maintain a permanent place to stay and lead a routine life. I will persist in whatever I do and will not change my aspirations at will.
事虽小 勿擅为 苟擅为 子道亏
物虽小 勿私藏 苟私藏 亲心伤
易解:纵然是小事,也不要任性,擅自作主,而不向父母禀告。如果任性而为,容易出错,就有损为人子女的本分,因此让父母担心,是不孝的行为。
公物虽小,也不可以私自收藏占为己有。如果私藏,品德就有缺失,父母亲知道了一定很伤心。
A matter might be trivial, but if it is wrong to do
it or unfair to another person, I must not do it thinking it will bear little or no consequence. If I do, I am not being a dutiful child because my parents would not want to see me doing things that are irrational or illegal. Even though a object might be small, I will not keep it a secret from my parents. If I do, I will hurt my parents’ feelings.
【亲所好 力为具 亲所恶 谨为去。
身有伤 贻亲忧 德有伤 贻亲羞。
亲爱我 孝何难 亲憎我 孝方贤。
亲有过 谏使更 怡吾色 柔吾声。
谏不入 悦复谏 号泣随 挞无怨。
亲有疾 药先尝 昼夜侍 不离床。
丧三年 常悲咽 居处变 酒肉绝。
丧尽礼 祭尽诚 事死者 如事生。】
亲所好 力为具 亲所恶 谨为去
身有伤 贻亲忧 德有伤 贻亲羞
亲爱我 孝何难 亲憎我 孝方贤
易解:父母亲所喜好的东西,应该尽力去准备,父母所厌恶的事物,要小心谨慎的去除(包含自己的坏习惯)。要爱护自己的身体,不要使身体轻易受到伤害,让父母亲忧虑。(曾子曰:‘身体发肤受之父母,不敢毁伤’)。要注重自己的品德修养,不可以做出伤风败德的事,使父母亲蒙受耻辱。
当父母亲喜爱我们的时候,孝顺是很容易的事;当父母亲不喜欢我们,或者管教过于严厉的时候,我们一样孝顺,而且还能够自己反省检点,体会父母的心意,努力改过并且做得更好,这种孝顺的行为最是难能可贵。
[Translation]: If whatever pleases my parents is fair and
reasonable, I will try my best to attain it for them. If something displeases my
parents, if within reason I will cautiously keep it away from them. When my body
is hurt, my parents will be worried. If my virtues are compromised, my parents
will feel ashamed. When I have loving parents, it is not difficult to be dutiful
to them. But if I can be dutiful to parents who hate me, only then will I meet
the standards of the saints and sages for being a dutiful child.
亲有过 谏使更 怡吾色 柔吾声
谏不入 悦复谏 号泣随 挞无怨
易解:父母亲有过错的时候,应小心劝导改过向善,劝导时态度要诚恳,声音必须柔和,并且和颜悦色,(子夏问孝。子曰:‘色难。’)如果父母不听规劝,要耐心等待,一有适当时机,例如父母情绪好转或是高兴的时候,再继续劝导;如果父母仍然不接受,甚至生气,此时我们虽难过得痛哭流涕,也要恳求父母改过,纵然遭遇到责打,也无怨无悔,以免陷父母于不义,使父母一错再错,铸成大错。
When my parents do wrong, I will urge them to change. I will do it with a kind facial expression and a warm gentle voice. If they do not accept my advice, I will wait until they are in a happier mood before I attempt to dissuade them again, followed by crying, if necessary, to make them understand. If they end up whipping me I will not hold a grudge against them.
亲有疾 药先尝 昼夜侍 不离床
丧三年 常悲咽 居处变 酒肉绝
丧尽礼 祭尽诚 事死者 如事生
易解:父母亲生病时,子女应当尽心尽力的照顾,一旦病情沉重时,更要昼夜服侍,不可以随便离开。父母去世之后,守孝期间(古礼三年),要常常追思、感怀父母教养的恩德。自己的生活起居必须调整改变,不能贪图享受,应该戒绝酒肉(请参考地藏经,孝子应如何给往生者修福)。
办理父母亲的丧事要哀戚合乎礼节,不可草率马虎,也不可以为了面子铺张浪费,才是真孝顺。
(论语:生,事之以礼,死,葬之以礼,祭之以礼。)
祭拜时应诚心诚意,对待已经去世的父母,要如同生前一样恭敬。(论语:祭如在,祭神如神在。)
When my parents are ill, I will taste the medicine first before giving it to them. I will take care of them night and day and stay by their bedside. During the first three years of mourning after my parents have passed away, I will remember them with gratitude and feel sad often for not being able to repay them for their kindness in raising me. During this period I will arrange my home to reflect my grief and sorrow. I will also avoid festivities and indulgence in food and alcoholic drinks. I will observe proper etiquette in arranging my parents’ funerals. I will hold the memorial ceremony and commemorate my parents’ anniversaries with utmost sincerity. I will serve my departed parents as if they were still alive.
身有伤 贻亲忧 德有伤 贻亲羞。
亲爱我 孝何难 亲憎我 孝方贤。
亲有过 谏使更 怡吾色 柔吾声。
谏不入 悦复谏 号泣随 挞无怨。
亲有疾 药先尝 昼夜侍 不离床。
丧三年 常悲咽 居处变 酒肉绝。
丧尽礼 祭尽诚 事死者 如事生。】
亲所好 力为具 亲所恶 谨为去
身有伤 贻亲忧 德有伤 贻亲羞
亲爱我 孝何难 亲憎我 孝方贤
易解:父母亲所喜好的东西,应该尽力去准备,父母所厌恶的事物,要小心谨慎的去除(包含自己的坏习惯)。要爱护自己的身体,不要使身体轻易受到伤害,让父母亲忧虑。(曾子曰:‘身体发肤受之父母,不敢毁伤’)。要注重自己的品德修养,不可以做出伤风败德的事,使父母亲蒙受耻辱。
当父母亲喜爱我们的时候,孝顺是很容易的事;当父母亲不喜欢我们,或者管教过于严厉的时候,我们一样孝顺,而且还能够自己反省检点,体会父母的心意,努力改过并且做得更好,这种孝顺的行为最是难能可贵。
[Translation]: If whatever pleases my parents is fair and
reasonable, I will try my best to attain it for them. If something displeases my
parents, if within reason I will cautiously keep it away from them. When my body
is hurt, my parents will be worried. If my virtues are compromised, my parents
will feel ashamed. When I have loving parents, it is not difficult to be dutiful
to them. But if I can be dutiful to parents who hate me, only then will I meet
the standards of the saints and sages for being a dutiful child.
亲有过 谏使更 怡吾色 柔吾声
谏不入 悦复谏 号泣随 挞无怨
易解:父母亲有过错的时候,应小心劝导改过向善,劝导时态度要诚恳,声音必须柔和,并且和颜悦色,(子夏问孝。子曰:‘色难。’)如果父母不听规劝,要耐心等待,一有适当时机,例如父母情绪好转或是高兴的时候,再继续劝导;如果父母仍然不接受,甚至生气,此时我们虽难过得痛哭流涕,也要恳求父母改过,纵然遭遇到责打,也无怨无悔,以免陷父母于不义,使父母一错再错,铸成大错。
When my parents do wrong, I will urge them to change. I will do it with a kind facial expression and a warm gentle voice. If they do not accept my advice, I will wait until they are in a happier mood before I attempt to dissuade them again, followed by crying, if necessary, to make them understand. If they end up whipping me I will not hold a grudge against them.
亲有疾 药先尝 昼夜侍 不离床
丧三年 常悲咽 居处变 酒肉绝
丧尽礼 祭尽诚 事死者 如事生
易解:父母亲生病时,子女应当尽心尽力的照顾,一旦病情沉重时,更要昼夜服侍,不可以随便离开。父母去世之后,守孝期间(古礼三年),要常常追思、感怀父母教养的恩德。自己的生活起居必须调整改变,不能贪图享受,应该戒绝酒肉(请参考地藏经,孝子应如何给往生者修福)。
办理父母亲的丧事要哀戚合乎礼节,不可草率马虎,也不可以为了面子铺张浪费,才是真孝顺。
(论语:生,事之以礼,死,葬之以礼,祭之以礼。)
祭拜时应诚心诚意,对待已经去世的父母,要如同生前一样恭敬。(论语:祭如在,祭神如神在。)
When my parents are ill, I will taste the medicine first before giving it to them. I will take care of them night and day and stay by their bedside. During the first three years of mourning after my parents have passed away, I will remember them with gratitude and feel sad often for not being able to repay them for their kindness in raising me. During this period I will arrange my home to reflect my grief and sorrow. I will also avoid festivities and indulgence in food and alcoholic drinks. I will observe proper etiquette in arranging my parents’ funerals. I will hold the memorial ceremony and commemorate my parents’ anniversaries with utmost sincerity. I will serve my departed parents as if they were still alive.
Chapter 2. 出则弟
Standards for a Younger Brother When
Away from Home
【兄道友 弟道恭 兄弟睦 孝在中。
财物轻 怨何生 言语忍 忿自泯。
或饮食 或坐走 长者先 幼者后。
长呼人 即代叫 人不在 己即到。】
兄道友 弟道恭 兄弟睦 孝在中
财物轻 怨何生 言语忍 忿自泯
易解:当哥哥姊姊的要友爱弟妹,作弟妹的要懂得恭敬兄姊,兄弟姊妹能和睦相处,一家人和乐融融,父母自然欢喜,孝道就在其中了。与人相处不斤斤计较财物,怨恨就无从生起。言语能够包容忍让,多说好话,不说坏话,忍住气话,不必要的冲突、怨恨的事情自然消失不生。(言语为福祸之门。孔门四科有:德行、言语、政事、文学。可见言语之重要。)
[Translation]:If I am the older sibling, I will befriend the younger ones. If I am the younger sibling, I will respect and love the older ones. Only when I can maintain harmonious relationships with my siblings am I being dutiful to my parents. When I value my familial ties more than property
and belongings, no resentment will come between me and my siblings. When I am careful with words and hold back hurtful comments, my feelings of anger naturally die out.
或饮食 或坐走 长者先 幼者后
长呼人 即代叫 人不在 己即到
易解:良好的生活教育,要从小培养;不论用餐就座或行走,都应该谦虚礼让,长幼有序,让年长者优先,年幼者在后。
长辈有事呼唤人,应代为传唤,如果那个人不在,自己应该主动去询问是什么事?可以帮忙就帮忙,不能帮忙时则代为转告。
(国父说:‘人生以服务为目的,不以夺取为目的。’青少守则明言:助人为快乐之本。)
Whether I am drinking, eating, walking, or sitting,
I will let the elders go first; the younger ones should follow. When an elder is asking for someone, I will get that person for him right away. If I cannot find that person, I will immediately report back, and put myself at the elder’s service instead.
Standards for a Younger Brother When
Away from Home
【兄道友 弟道恭 兄弟睦 孝在中。
财物轻 怨何生 言语忍 忿自泯。
或饮食 或坐走 长者先 幼者后。
长呼人 即代叫 人不在 己即到。】
兄道友 弟道恭 兄弟睦 孝在中
财物轻 怨何生 言语忍 忿自泯
易解:当哥哥姊姊的要友爱弟妹,作弟妹的要懂得恭敬兄姊,兄弟姊妹能和睦相处,一家人和乐融融,父母自然欢喜,孝道就在其中了。与人相处不斤斤计较财物,怨恨就无从生起。言语能够包容忍让,多说好话,不说坏话,忍住气话,不必要的冲突、怨恨的事情自然消失不生。(言语为福祸之门。孔门四科有:德行、言语、政事、文学。可见言语之重要。)
[Translation]:If I am the older sibling, I will befriend the younger ones. If I am the younger sibling, I will respect and love the older ones. Only when I can maintain harmonious relationships with my siblings am I being dutiful to my parents. When I value my familial ties more than property
and belongings, no resentment will come between me and my siblings. When I am careful with words and hold back hurtful comments, my feelings of anger naturally die out.
或饮食 或坐走 长者先 幼者后
长呼人 即代叫 人不在 己即到
易解:良好的生活教育,要从小培养;不论用餐就座或行走,都应该谦虚礼让,长幼有序,让年长者优先,年幼者在后。
长辈有事呼唤人,应代为传唤,如果那个人不在,自己应该主动去询问是什么事?可以帮忙就帮忙,不能帮忙时则代为转告。
(国父说:‘人生以服务为目的,不以夺取为目的。’青少守则明言:助人为快乐之本。)
Whether I am drinking, eating, walking, or sitting,
I will let the elders go first; the younger ones should follow. When an elder is asking for someone, I will get that person for him right away. If I cannot find that person, I will immediately report back, and put myself at the elder’s service instead.